"ledere" meaning in Middle English

See ledere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈlɛ̝ːdər(ə)/, /ˈlɛ̝ːdɛ̞ːr(ə)/ (note: with secondary stress) Forms: lederes [plural], leder [alternative], lader [alternative], ledar [alternative, East-Anglia, Northern, especially], ledare [alternative, East-Anglia, Northern, especially], ledeir [alternative, East-Anglia, Northern, especially], leddare [alternative, East-Anglia, Northern, especially], ledder [alternative, East-Anglia, Northern, especially], leiddar [alternative, East-Anglia, Northern, especially]
Etymology: Inherited from Old English lǣdere, from Proto-West Germanic *laidijārī. By surface analysis, leden (“to lead”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns). Etymology templates: {{etymon|enm|:inh|ang:lǣdere|:afeq|leden&lt;id:to lead&gt;|-ere&lt;id:agentive&gt;|id=leader}} [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent noun", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "nom.", "keyword_label" : "Nominalization of", "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-āzios", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "nominalization" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ārius", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-ārijaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*-ārī", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" }, { "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "leading", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*laid", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "gmw-pro" }, { "is_duplicate" : true, "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "gmw-pro", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "gem-pro:*-ārijaz<id:noun>", "id" : "agent suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*-ārī", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*laidijārī", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "lǣdere", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to lead", "children" : [ ], "status" : "missing", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "leden", "lang" : "enm" }, { "id" : "agentive", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "agent suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "id" : "agent suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "gmw-pro", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "gem-pro:*-ārijaz<id:noun>", "id" : "agent suffix" }, "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*-ārī", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "enm" } ], "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "afeq", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "ledere", "lang" : "enm" }" data-id="leader" data-lang="enm" data-title="ledere" id="Middle_English:_leader">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|lǣdere|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English lǣdere, {{inh+|enm|ang|lǣdere}} Inherited from Old English lǣdere, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*laidijārī}} Proto-West Germanic *laidijārī, {{surf|enm|leden|-ere|id1=to lead|id2=agentive|pos2=suffix forming agent nouns|t1=to lead}} By surface analysis, leden (“to lead”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns) Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} ledere, {{enm-noun}} ledere (plural lederes)
  1. A leader or commander; an individual in charge:
    An officer or general; a military leader.
    Sense id: en-ledere-enm-noun-c4hO3WUR Categories (other): Military, Monarchy, People Disambiguation of Military: 66 34 0 0 0 0 0 Disambiguation of Monarchy: 22 22 10 10 10 14 10 Disambiguation of People: 20 20 30 30 0 0 0
  2. A leader or commander; an individual in charge:
    A ruler or lord; a leader of a domain.
    Sense id: en-ledere-enm-noun-vBtSUnS4 Categories (other): Monarchy, People Disambiguation of Monarchy: 22 22 10 10 10 14 10 Disambiguation of People: 20 20 30 30 0 0 0
  3. A guide or conductor; an individual who guides:
    Someone who guides or directs on a journey.
    Sense id: en-ledere-enm-noun--cA74Ddc Categories (other): Monarchy, People, Transport Disambiguation of Monarchy: 22 22 10 10 10 14 10 Disambiguation of People: 20 20 30 30 0 0 0 Disambiguation of Transport: 0 0 42 42 17 0 0
  4. A guide or conductor; an individual who guides:
    A guide for a blind or otherwise handicapped individual.
    Sense id: en-ledere-enm-noun-G6YNFg~8 Categories (other): Disability, Monarchy, People, Transport Disambiguation of Disability: 15 15 19 25 9 9 7 Disambiguation of Monarchy: 22 22 10 10 10 14 10 Disambiguation of People: 20 20 30 30 0 0 0 Disambiguation of Transport: 0 0 42 42 17 0 0
  5. (rare) A transporter or conveyor (by cart or on one's person) Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-ledere-enm-noun-C1yPHHrc Categories (other): Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Middle English entries referencing missing etymons, Middle English entries with etymon, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive), Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with etymon, Leaders, Monarchy, Transport Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 26 1 3 3 1 1 6 2 34 16 8 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 0 1 1 1 1 6 1 37 17 9 Disambiguation of Middle English entries referencing missing etymons: 7 7 10 8 38 18 12 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymon: 6 6 11 7 39 19 13 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 4 4 10 8 43 19 12 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive): 8 8 11 10 34 17 12 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 2 2 10 4 47 22 13 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 2 2 10 4 47 22 13 Disambiguation of Leaders: 9 9 8 6 39 19 9 Disambiguation of Monarchy: 22 22 10 10 10 14 10 Disambiguation of Transport: 0 0 42 42 17 0 0
  6. (rare) A driver of a draft animal or pack animal. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-ledere-enm-noun-jiL5xIPY Categories (other): Monarchy, Nobility Disambiguation of Monarchy: 22 22 10 10 10 14 10 Disambiguation of Nobility: 14 14 14 14 14 18 14
  7. (rare) Something that draws or brings (bones, life) Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-ledere-enm-noun-Qc8VsBdg Categories (other): Monarchy Disambiguation of Monarchy: 22 22 10 10 10 14 10

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "leader"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "leader"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ledar"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "leader"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ledare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:lǣdere",
        "4": ":afeq",
        "5": "leden<id:to lead>",
        "6": "-ere<id:agentive>",
        "id": "leader"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"leading\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*laid\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"gmw-pro\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"gem-pro:*-ārijaz<id:noun>\", \"id\" : \"agent suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*laidijārī\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"lǣdere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to lead\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"leden\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }, { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"gmw-pro\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"gem-pro:*-ārijaz<id:noun>\", \"id\" : \"agent suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"ledere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"leader\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"ledere\" id=\"Middle_English:_leader\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "lǣdere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English lǣdere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "lǣdere"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English lǣdere",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*laidijārī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laidijārī",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "leden",
        "3": "-ere",
        "id1": "to lead",
        "id2": "agentive",
        "pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns",
        "t1": "to lead"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, leden (“to lead”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English lǣdere, from Proto-West Germanic *laidijārī. By surface analysis, leden (“to lead”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lederes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leder",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lader",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledare",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledeir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leddare",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledder",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiddar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ledere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ledere (plural lederes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "66 34 0 0 0 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Military",
          "orig": "enm:Military",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 22 10 10 10 14 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "enm:Monarchy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 30 30 0 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "enm:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A leader or commander; an individual in charge:",
        "An officer or general; a military leader."
      ],
      "id": "en-ledere-enm-noun-c4hO3WUR",
      "links": [
        [
          "leader",
          "leader"
        ],
        [
          "commander",
          "commander"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "officer",
          "officer"
        ],
        [
          "general",
          "general"
        ],
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "leader",
          "leader"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 22 10 10 10 14 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "enm:Monarchy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 30 30 0 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "enm:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              25
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Take me to your leader.",
          "text": "Han ye me to youre ledere.",
          "translation": "Take me to your leader.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A leader or commander; an individual in charge:",
        "A ruler or lord; a leader of a domain."
      ],
      "id": "en-ledere-enm-noun-vBtSUnS4",
      "links": [
        [
          "leader",
          "leader"
        ],
        [
          "commander",
          "commander"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ],
        [
          "lord",
          "lord"
        ],
        [
          "leader",
          "leader"
        ],
        [
          "domain",
          "domain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 22 10 10 10 14 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "enm:Monarchy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 30 30 0 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "enm:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 42 42 17 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Transport",
          "orig": "enm:Transport",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A guide or conductor; an individual who guides:",
        "Someone who guides or directs on a journey."
      ],
      "id": "en-ledere-enm-noun--cA74Ddc",
      "links": [
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "conductor",
          "conductor"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct"
        ],
        [
          "journey",
          "journey"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 19 25 9 9 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Disability",
          "orig": "enm:Disability",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 22 10 10 10 14 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "enm:Monarchy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 30 30 0 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "enm:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 42 42 17 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Transport",
          "orig": "enm:Transport",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A guide or conductor; an individual who guides:",
        "A guide for a blind or otherwise handicapped individual."
      ],
      "id": "en-ledere-enm-noun-G6YNFg~8",
      "links": [
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "conductor",
          "conductor"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "blind",
          "blind"
        ],
        [
          "otherwise",
          "otherwise"
        ],
        [
          "handicap",
          "handicap"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 1 3 3 1 1 6 2 34 16 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 0 1 1 1 1 6 1 37 17 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 8 38 18 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 11 7 39 19 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 10 8 43 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 11 10 34 17 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 10 4 47 22 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 10 4 47 22 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 8 6 39 19 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Leaders",
          "orig": "enm:Leaders",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 22 10 10 10 14 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "enm:Monarchy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 42 42 17 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Transport",
          "orig": "enm:Transport",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A transporter or conveyor (by cart or on one's person)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ledere-enm-noun-C1yPHHrc",
      "links": [
        [
          "transporter",
          "transporter"
        ],
        [
          "conveyor",
          "conveyor"
        ],
        [
          "cart",
          "cart#English"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A transporter or conveyor (by cart or on one's person)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 22 10 10 10 14 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "enm:Monarchy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 14 14 14 14 18 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "enm:Nobility",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A driver of a draft animal or pack animal."
      ],
      "id": "en-ledere-enm-noun-jiL5xIPY",
      "links": [
        [
          "driver",
          "driver"
        ],
        [
          "draft animal",
          "draft animal"
        ],
        [
          "pack animal",
          "pack animal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A driver of a draft animal or pack animal."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 22 10 10 10 14 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "enm:Monarchy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something that draws or brings (bones, life)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ledere-enm-noun-Qc8VsBdg",
      "links": [
        [
          "draw",
          "draw"
        ],
        [
          "bring",
          "bring"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone#English"
        ],
        [
          "life",
          "life#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Something that draws or brings (bones, life)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛ̝ːdər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛ̝ːdɛ̞ːr(ə)/",
      "note": "with secondary stress"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ledere"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "Middle English entries with etymon",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive)",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "enm:Disability",
    "enm:Leaders",
    "enm:Military",
    "enm:Monarchy",
    "enm:Nobility",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Transport"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "leader"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "leader"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ledar"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "leader"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ledare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:lǣdere",
        "4": ":afeq",
        "5": "leden<id:to lead>",
        "6": "-ere<id:agentive>",
        "id": "leader"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"leading\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*laid\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"gmw-pro\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"gem-pro:*-ārijaz<id:noun>\", \"id\" : \"agent suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*laidijārī\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"lǣdere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to lead\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"leden\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }, { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"gmw-pro\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"gem-pro:*-ārijaz<id:noun>\", \"id\" : \"agent suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"ledere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"leader\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"ledere\" id=\"Middle_English:_leader\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "lǣdere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English lǣdere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "lǣdere"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English lǣdere",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*laidijārī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laidijārī",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "leden",
        "3": "-ere",
        "id1": "to lead",
        "id2": "agentive",
        "pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns",
        "t1": "to lead"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, leden (“to lead”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English lǣdere, from Proto-West Germanic *laidijārī. By surface analysis, leden (“to lead”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lederes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leder",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lader",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledare",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledeir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leddare",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledder",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiddar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "East-Anglia",
        "Northern",
        "especially"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ledere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ledere (plural lederes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A leader or commander; an individual in charge:",
        "An officer or general; a military leader."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "leader",
          "leader"
        ],
        [
          "commander",
          "commander"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "officer",
          "officer"
        ],
        [
          "general",
          "general"
        ],
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "leader",
          "leader"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              25
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Take me to your leader.",
          "text": "Han ye me to youre ledere.",
          "translation": "Take me to your leader.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A leader or commander; an individual in charge:",
        "A ruler or lord; a leader of a domain."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "leader",
          "leader"
        ],
        [
          "commander",
          "commander"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ],
        [
          "lord",
          "lord"
        ],
        [
          "leader",
          "leader"
        ],
        [
          "domain",
          "domain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A guide or conductor; an individual who guides:",
        "Someone who guides or directs on a journey."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "conductor",
          "conductor"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct"
        ],
        [
          "journey",
          "journey"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A guide or conductor; an individual who guides:",
        "A guide for a blind or otherwise handicapped individual."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "conductor",
          "conductor"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "guide",
          "guide"
        ],
        [
          "blind",
          "blind"
        ],
        [
          "otherwise",
          "otherwise"
        ],
        [
          "handicap",
          "handicap"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A transporter or conveyor (by cart or on one's person)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "transporter",
          "transporter"
        ],
        [
          "conveyor",
          "conveyor"
        ],
        [
          "cart",
          "cart#English"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A transporter or conveyor (by cart or on one's person)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A driver of a draft animal or pack animal."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "driver",
          "driver"
        ],
        [
          "draft animal",
          "draft animal"
        ],
        [
          "pack animal",
          "pack animal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A driver of a draft animal or pack animal."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something that draws or brings (bones, life)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "draw",
          "draw"
        ],
        [
          "bring",
          "bring"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone#English"
        ],
        [
          "life",
          "life#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Something that draws or brings (bones, life)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛ̝ːdər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛ̝ːdɛ̞ːr(ə)/",
      "note": "with secondary stress"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ledere"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ledere meaning in Middle English (9.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.